| 鄢维,李渊.基于尿素电合成反应的电催化剂研究进展[J].分子催化,2023,37(2):187-201 |
| 基于尿素电合成反应的电催化剂研究进展 |
| Recent Progress on the Electrocatalysts for UreaElectrosynthesis Reactions |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-13 修订日期：2023-01-27 |
| DOI：10.16084/j.issn1001-3555.2023.02.008 |
| 中文关键词: 尿素 电合成 碳氮偶联 |
| 英文关键词:urea electrosynthesis C-N coupling |
| 基金项目:湖北省教育规划课题(2021GB186) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 尿素是一种重要的化工原料并作为氮源广泛应用于化肥生产. 工业合成尿素由氮气加氢合成氨气以及氨气和二氧化碳转化为尿素两步实现, 存在高能耗和高污染等问题. 通过电催化碳氮偶联, 将二氧化碳和氮源(氮气、 硝酸根、 亚硝酸根、 一氧化氮等)转化为尿素, 可直接跳过合成氨反应并在温和的反应条件下同时实现人工固氮和固碳. 因此, 尿素电合成技术不仅避免了高能耗和高污染, 还能够实现惰性气体分子的高效利用, 对于加快实现“碳达峰、 碳中和”战略有着重要的意义. 我们聚焦尿素电合成这一前沿研究热点, 结合领域内最新研究进展, 首先介绍了不同电催化剂的设计策略及其催化机制, 随后总结了电催化碳氮偶联合成尿素的反应机理, 并对尿素电合成的后续研究方向进行了展望. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Urea is a very important industrial chemical and has been widely used as nitrogen resource for fertilizer production. Industrial urea synthesis, consisting of two steps:hydrogenation of nitrogen (N2) to generate ammonia (NH3), and subsequent conversion of ammonia and carbon dioxide (CO2) to urea, always causes problems including high energy consumption and high pollution. Electrocatalytic C-N coupling to synthesize urea from CO2 and nitrogen sources such as N2/NO3-/NO2-/NO, skipping the NH3 synthesis reaction, can simultaneously achieve artificial nitrogen and carbon fixation under ambient condition. Therefore, urea electrosynthesis not only avoids the energy-extensive consumption and high pollution but also achieves high-efficient utilization of inert gas molecules, thereby being of great significance for rapid realization of 'carbon neutrality' strategy. This review focuses on the urea electrosynthesis and combines the very recent research advances, aiming to first introduce different electrocatalysts and their catalytic mechanism, and then summarize the reaction mechanisms of urea synthesis via electrocatalytic C-N coupling. In addition, the future research direction of electrocatalytic urea synthesis is also forecasted. |
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